Oak trees' caterpillars pose a threat, city council alerts residents

The oak processionary moth (OPM) is a notorious pest that can pose significant health risks to humans and animals. Its caterpillars, known for their distinctive processions and hollow, venomous hairs, can trigger severe allergic reactions and cause a range of symptoms, from mild skin irritation to life-threatening anaphylactic shock.

To minimise the risk of health problems from OPM exposure and treat symptoms effectively, several precautions are recommended. Firstly, it is crucial to avoid contact with trees and areas known or suspected to be infested with the caterpillars. Do not touch the caterpillars, their nests, or any silken "processions" they form. If you must be near infested areas, wear long sleeves, pants, gloves, and eye protection to reduce the risk of skin and eye contact with the caterpillar hairs.

After visiting areas where oak processionary caterpillars are present, wash your hands, face, and clothing thoroughly to remove any loose hairs that may have settled on you. It is also essential to protect pets from exposure, as they are also at risk of irritation, swelling, drooling, gagging, eye irritation, vomiting, or difficulty breathing if exposed.

If you experience itching or a rash, carefully remove any visible caterpillar hairs from your skin (without rubbing them in), wash the affected area with water, and avoid scratching. Over-the-counter antihistamines or topical creams may help relieve symptoms. If caterpillar hairs get into your eyes, rinse them gently with water and seek medical attention if irritation, redness, or pain persists.

In cases of severe allergic reactions, such as swelling of the face or throat, difficulty breathing, or anaphylactic shock, seek emergency medical assistance immediately. If you inhale caterpillar hairs and develop breathing problems or cold-like symptoms that worsen or do not improve, seek medical help promptly.

If your pet exhibits symptoms such as excessive drooling, eye irritation, vomiting, or difficulty breathing after exposure, contact your veterinarian immediately.

Remember, it is not advisable to attempt the removal of nests or infested branches yourself, as improper handling increases the risk of exposure to toxic hairs. Instead, seek professional help for their safe removal.

Be aware of any delayed symptoms following exposure to infested areas, and seek medical advice if symptoms develop or worsen. It is also recommended to monitor municipalities for warning signs, playground closures, or other measures in local areas, particularly around schools or playgrounds.

The oak processionary caterpillar prefers oaks in warm, sunny locations, such as forest edges or solitary trees. To avoid contact, it is advisable to avoid using benches, playgrounds, or grilling areas in close proximity to old oaks in July and August.

Climate change is promoting the further spread of the oak processionary caterpillar, with the insects now found in various parts of Europe. The oak processionary caterpillar has been native to Germany for about 200 years, mainly in the south and the Rhine valley.

In conclusion, by following these precautions, you can significantly reduce the risk of exposure and manage symptoms effectively if they occur. Stay safe and enjoy the outdoors responsibly!

Science has highlighted the oak processionary moth (OPM) as a pest with potential health risks for humans and animals.
Its caterpillars can trigger severe allergic reactions and cause various symptoms, from mild skin irritation to life-threatening anaphylactic shock.
To minimize the risk of health problems from OPM exposure, avoid contact with trees and infested areas.
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